Thums®
About THUMS
What is THUMS?
Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS) is a human body finite element model jointly developed by Toyota Motor Corporation and Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. THUMS is capable of simulating human body injuries such as bone fracture, brain and internal organs damage in vehicle collisions. Compared to the physical crash dummies commonly used in vehicle collision tests, THUMS is able to analyze collision-related injuries in more detail because it precisely represents the shapes and durability of human bodies.
THUMS has continually evolved to add a range of models with different genders, ages and physiques that include skeletal structures, brains, internal organs and muscles.
(Versions 5, 6 & 7)
*Spine alignment was based on IRCOBI 2022 paper written by Mazda Motor Corporation.
Lineup
| Body Type | Version | Posture |
|---|---|---|
| AF05 | V7.1 | Occupant |
| AF50 | V7.1 | Occupant |
| AM50 | V7.1 | Occupant |
| AM95 | V7.1 | Occupant |
| Body Type | Version | Seat Back Angle |
|---|---|---|
| AF05 | V7 | 25deg. |
| V7 | 35deg. | |
| V7 | 45deg. | |
| AM50 | V7 | 25deg. |
| V7 | 35deg. | |
| V7 | 45deg. | |
| AM95 | V7 | 25deg. |
| V7 | 35deg. | |
| V7 | 45deg. |
| Body Type | Version | Posture |
|---|---|---|
| AF05 | V6.1 | Occupant |
| AM50 | V6.1 | Occupant |
| AM95 | V6.1 | Occupant |
| Body Type | Version | Posture |
|---|---|---|
| AF05 | V5.03 | Occupant |
| AM50 | V5.03 | Occupant |
| AM95 | V5.03 | Occupant |
| Body Type | Version | Posture |
|---|---|---|
| 3YO | V4 | Occupant |
| V4 | Pedestrian | |
| 6YO | V4 | Occupant |
| V4 | Pedestrian | |
| 10YO | V4 | Occupant |
| V4 | Pedestrian | |
| AF05 | V4.1 | Occupant |
| V4.02 | Pedestrian | |
| AM50 | V4.1 | Occupant |
| V4.02 | Pedestrian | |
| AM95 | V4.1 | Occupant |
| V4.02 | Pedestrian |
| Body Type | Version | Posture |
|---|---|---|
| 6YO | V4 | Pedestrian |
| AF05 | V4.02 | Pedestrian |
| AM50 | V4.02 | Pedestrian |
| AM95 | V4.02 | Pedestrian |
| Model Type | Body Type | Base Version |
|---|---|---|
| Elderly (70YO) | AF50 | V4.02 |
| AM50 | V4.1 | |
| Obese | BMI35 | V4.0 |
| Pregnant | AF05 | V1.0 |
| Whiplash | AF50 | V4.0 |
| AM50 | V4.0 |
Validations
THUMS was validated against loading tests both to body components and whole body. A total of 38 tests with postmortem human subjects (PMHS) were cited from the literature. Further information is available in documentation (manual) included in THUMS model data.
Components (Version 6.1)
Whole Body (Version 6.1)
Applications
THUMS can be used for research and development of safety technologies such as seatbelt, airbag and energy absorbing structure.
Specifications
| Model | AM50 Version 7.1 Occupant |
AM50 Version 6.1 Occupant |
AM50 Version 5.03 Occupant |
AM50 Version 4.1 Occupant |
AM50 Version 4.1 for Euro NCAP TB024 Pedestrian |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Element | 2,169,602 | 1,925,520 | 285,792 | 1,921,764 | 1,975,471 | |
| Solid | 1,696,821 | 1,466,148 | 146,280 | 1,466,112 | 1,527,480 | |
| Shell | 452,920 | 450,058 | 122,052 | 449,934 | 442,273 | |
| Seatbelt | 7,152 | 7,152 | 4,422 | 5,398 | 5,398 | |
| Beam | 12,517 | 1,970 | 12,798 | 204 | 204 | |
| Others | 192 | 192 | 240 | 116 | 116 | |
| Node | 840,689 | 766,459 | 185,897 | 762,997 | 772,172 | |
| Part | 2,382 | 2,213 | 416 | 1,293 | 1,285 | |
| Time Step* [s] | 4.0E-7 | 4.0E-7 | 5.4E-7 | 4.0E-7 | 4.0E-7 | |
| Data Size [MB](approx.) | 220 | 195 | 71 | 192 | 197 | |
Default times step size for mass scaled solutions.